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Historic People of Lake Superior

Catholic Missionaries

Catholic Missionaries

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BISHOP FREDERIC BARAGA

Roman Catholic Priest and Bishop to the Ojibwe

Birth: June 29, 1797   Death: January 19, 1868

Father Baraga was a missionary that worked single-handedly with the Ojibwe natives between the years 1831 and 1868. During that timeframe he lived with the Ojibwe while helping them to understand the Catholic religion. He also substantially helped them to be able to stay on their land through the purchase of lands and through peaceful negotiations that allowed them to bypass the regulations of the 1830 Indian Removal Act and the attempts on the part of the government to relocate them to a different region. This site is dedicated to his legacy and his work with the Ojibwe.

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FATHER FRANCIS XAVIER PIERZ

Roman Catholic Priest to the Ojibwe

Birth: November 21, 1785   Death: January 22, 1880

Father Pierz was inspired to come to the United States to work with the Ojibwe due to Father Baraga. Father Pierz worked in the Sault Ste. Marie mission while Father Baraga worked on Madeline Island. In 1852 Father Pierz relocated to Minnesota to help with the Ojibwe there and cared for the whole of Minnesota north of St. Paul. He was also instrumental in ensuring that the Ojibwe did not take part in the 1862 Dakota uprising.

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BISHOP EDWARD FENWICK

Roman Catholic Priest to the Ojibwe and Bishop of the Diocese of Cincinnati

Birth: August 19, 1768   Death: September 26, 1832

Bishop Edward Fenwick was the one who had offered Father Baraga his first mission at Arbre Crochet where Father Baraga began his immersion in the Ojibwe languages. Bishop Fenwick passed under two years after Father Baraga's introduction.

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BISHOP FREDERICK RESE

Roman Catholic Priest to the Ojibwe and Bishop of Detroit

Birth: February 6, 1791   Death: December 27, 1871

Bishop Frederick Rese assisted Bishop Edward Fenwick in the Diocese of Cincinnati. He was inspired to come to the United States due to Bishop Fenwick's visit to Rome where he was serving. In 1833 he became the first bishop of Detroit. Father Baraga went to that region often in order to publish his books when needed.

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REVEREND FATHER OTTO SKOLLA

Roman Catholic Priest to the Ojibwe 

Birth and Death Unknown

Father Otto Skolla was the first missionary that was sent to help Father Baraga directly while Father Baraga was building his mission in L'Anse in the 1840's. At this time Father Baraga sent Father Skolla to the Madeline Island Mission to learn the Ojibwe language and care for the mission while he continued his work at L'Anse.

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BISHOP JOHN BAPTIST PURCELL

Cincinnati Bishop

Birth: February 26, 1800   Death: July 4, 1883

Bishop John Baptist Purcell was consecrated the bishop of Cincinnati in 1833 after the passing of Bishop Edward Fenwick. Father Baraga was consecrated as Bishop by the hands of Bishop Purcell in the Cathedral of Cincinnati in 1853.

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FATHER STEPHEN BADIN

First Catholic Priest ordained in the United States

Firth: July 17, 1768   Death: April 21, 1853

Father Stephen Badin worked with the Potawatomi Ojibwe which was just south of Father Baraga's mission near Grand Rapids, MI in 1833. In 1830 Chief Pokagon traveled to Detroit to request a priest be sent to their region. Father Stephen Badin was asked to accept being that priest. He later donated land for a mission around that area and also donated land to near South Bend, Indiana which later became the site for the University of Notre Dame.

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FATHER P.S. DEJEAN

First Missionary in Arbre Crochet in 1829

Firth: Unknown  Death: Unknown

Father Dejean preceded Father Baraga at the mission on Arbre Crochet in the year 1829 which was two years before Father Baraga's arrival. By the time Father Baraga arrived many of the Ojibwe had already been baptized.

Other Missionaries

Other Missionaries
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EDMUND F. ELY

Protestant Missionary

Birth: August 3, 1809    Death: July 6, 1781

Edmund F. Ely was a protestant missionary who first started his work on the Fond Du Lac site which was southwest of Madeline Island where Father Baraga served. Many of his writings and observations of the Ojibwe can be ready in his published journal.

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WILLIAM BOUTWELL

Protestant Missionary

Birth: Unknown    Death: Unknown

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LEONARD WHEELER

Presbyterian minister on La Pointe

Birth: April 18, 1811    Death: February 1872

Ojibwe Natives

Ojibwe Natives

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CHIEF BUFFALO (Ke-che-waish-ke)

Madeline Island Chief from the Loon Clan

Birth: c. 1759   Death: September 7, 1855

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BENJAMIN ARMSTRONG

Adopted son of Chief Bufflao

Birth: July 4, 1820   Death: August 1, 1900

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CHIEF HOLE IN THE DAY (Aysh-Ke-Bah-Ke-Ko-Zhay)

Chief of the Ojibwe in the Minnesota Region

Birth: c. 1825   Death: c. 1868

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WILLIAM WHIPPLE WARREN

Chief Buffalo's Grandson and Writer

Birth: May 27, 1825   Death: June 1, 1853

Fur Traders & Indian Agents

Fur Traders & Indian Agents
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JOHN JACOB ASTOR

Owner of the American Fur Company

Birth: July 17, 1763   Death: March 29, 1848

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RAMSEY CROOKS

Northern Division Owner of the American Fur Company, President of AFC in 1834

Birth: January 2, 1787   Death: June 6, 1859

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ROBERT STUART

Worker at the American Fur Company

Birth: February 19, 1785   Death: October 28, 1848

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MICHEL CADOTTE

Primary Fur Trader on La Pointe, Madeline Island, WI through 1834

Birth: July 22, 1764   Death: July 8, 1837

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JOHN JOHNSTON

Prominent Fur Trader in Sault St. Marie, Married daughter of Waubojeeg (White Fisher)

Birth: 1762   Death: September 22, 1828

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HENRY SIBLEY

Manager of AFC trading post at Mackinac island from 1829-1834, Minnesota first rep in Congress 1849-1853

Birth: c. 1811  Death: c. 1891

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HERCULES DOUSMAN

AFC first Wisconsin Millionaire, took over AFC with Rolette, Sibley and Chouteau in 1842

Birth: August 4, 1800   Death: September 12, 1868

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PIERRE COTTE

AFC mixed-blood from Fond du Lac sent to Grand Portage to help AFC with Fisheries

Birth and Death Unknown

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HENRY SCHOOLCRAFT

Indian Agent at Mackinac Island

Birth: March 28, 1793   Death: December 10, 1864

Government Officials

Government Officials
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JOHN S. WATROUS (Waters)

Indian Agent at the Sandy Lake Tragedy

Birth and Death Unknown

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DANIEL P BUSHNELL

Indian Agent at St. Peters, 1837 Treaty with the Chippewa

Birth and Death Unknown

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WILLIAM CROOKS

Colonel of the 6th Military Regiment, Son of Ramsey Crooks

Birth and Death Unknown

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ALEXANDER RAMSEY

Minnesota's First Territorial Governor

Birth: September 8, 1815  Death: April 22, 1903

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JAMES DUANE DOTY

Governor of Wisconsin

Birth: November 5, 1799 Death: June 13, 1865

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